NOTE: This is part 2 of 2 parts describing the beautiful castle of Pau.
Click here to read Part 1.
Click here to read our Introduction to the city of Pau.
Napoleon Bonaparte
In the early 19th century, the Château's story intertwined with that of Napoleon Bonaparte, adding another layer to its historical tapestry. Napoleon, alongside his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais, used the Château de Pau as a retreat, finding solace and pleasure in its gardens and hunting grounds. This period in the Château's history not only reflects its importance as a holiday residence for the imperial family but also showcases its allure as a place of rest and recreation for one of Europe's most influential rulers.
Napoleon III
Moreover, Napoleon's son, Napoleon III further cements the castle's role in the personal and political narratives of the Bonaparte family. The involvement of Napoleon and his wife, the Empress Eugenie, in the Château's history extends beyond personal use; it also includes his initiatives to restore and preserve it as a monument of national heritage, reflecting his admiration for Henry IV and his desire to connect his regime with France's royal past.
The Museum
Today, the National Museum of the Château de Pau houses approximately 12,000 works and objects. Renovated and decorated in the 19th century, the Château de Pau features a decorative ensemble linked to the memory of Henry IV. Louis-Philippe incorporated a significant artistic program to support his political legitimacy. The furniture, displayed over three levels in the south and west wings, reflects the Neo-Gothic and Neo-Renaissance tastes of the first half of the 19th century.
Tapestries
With about a hundred pieces of exceptional quality, the tapestry collection at the Château de Pau is one of the richest in France. Most date from the reigns of Louis XIV and Louis XV, primarily originating from the Gobelin Manufactory. These tapestries depict mythological or aristocratic scenes, recreating the atmosphere of a Renaissance palace.
In addition to this decor, the national museum holds a vast collection of works and objects related to Henry IV. This collection partly builds on the legend of the "good king Henry" from the 18th century and the legitimist propaganda following the Revolution, especially focusing on the Béarnese prince in the 19th century. The museum's graphic arts cabinet notably contains a collection of 5,000 prints, 400 heritage photographs, and 300 drawings showcased in temporary exhibitions.
The museum's inventories also include a medallion cabinet with 500 pieces comprising coins, tokens, medals, and decorations. Furthermore, the museum has around a hundred paintings from the 16th to the 20th century related to Henry IV and the Château de Pau, as well as a collection of sculptures and a library of 3,000 volumes from the 16th to the 19th century.
Today, the Château de Pau stands as a multifaceted symbol of France's rich history. The beautifully maintained gardens continue to be a testament to the Château's enduring beauty and its historical significance as a favored residence of French royalty and imperial figures. In essence, the Château de Pau is not just a remnant of the past but a living narrative of the cultural, political, and architectural journey of France.
This is one castle museum that should be on your bucket list. It has been perfectly restored, and all museum pieces are first rate (for example, the chandeliers come from the Chateau of Versailles).
Click here to access the Castle’s website and see their opening times (in French only). visits are in groups only, and in French.
Click here to read Part 1 of the Chateau de Pau.